Gradual typing has emerged as a compelling approach to reconcile the strengths of static and dynamic type systems. By permitting programmers to incrementally annotate code, it enables early detection ...

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This course presents an introduction to type systems. We will study the formal foundations of type systems, exploring how they are specified and what properties hold for them. This is a course aimed ...

Developers use application programming interfaces to hide complexity, organize code, design reusable components, and connect different systems, applications, or services. The term API stands for ...