The autocorrelation, partial and inverse autocorrelation functions described in the preceding sections help when you want to model a series as a function of its past values and past random errors.

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The correlation function is a useful signal-analysis tool that engineers often overlook. Its formidable equation, which you have probably not thought about since your undergraduate signals and systems ...

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Measuring phase noise with a spectrum analyzer. The primary advantage of dedicated phase-noise analyzers. The cross-correlation method. Using a spectrum analyzer is the oldest, most straightforward, ...